R v Cunningham [1982]
1. Facts:
• The defendant (D) struck the victim (V) with a chair during an altercation.
• V died as a result of the injuries inflicted by D.
2. Outcome:
• The House of Lords (HoL) convicted D of murder.
• The court determined that the intention to cause grievous bodily harm (GBH) was sufficient to establish the mens rea (mental state) for a murder conviction.
• It was not necessary to prove that D intended life-threatening harm.
3. Impact and Analysis:
• Mens Rea for Murder: The ruling clarified that an intention to cause GBH is adequate for a murder conviction, affirming that the law does not require proof of intent to cause death.
• Legal Interpretation: The decision emphasised that the level of harm intended must be serious, but not necessarily life-threatening, to satisfy the requirements for murder.
• Judicial Precedent: Cunningham established that intent to inflict significant harm aligns with the mens rea needed for murder, shaping the understanding of the mental state required for such convictions.