R v Pittwood [1902]

1. Facts:

• Pittwood was employed to operate a gate that allowed carts to cross a railway track.

• He failed to lower the gate after a cart had passed, leaving it open.

• A train subsequently collided with a cart, leading to the death of the train driver.

2. Outcome:

• Pittwood was convicted of manslaughter.

• The court held that his failure to perform his duty directly contributed to the train driver’s death.

3. Impact and Analysis:

• Duty of Care: The case established that failing to perform a specific duty, which is a clear responsibility of an individual in a professional or contractual role, can lead to criminal liability if it results in death or serious harm.